image about idiom down-and-out

down-and-out 落魄潦倒

乍聽之下,這個片語好像只是形容一個人躺在地上,但其實指的是人生跌到谷底。「and」把兩種挫敗連在一起:一種是被打倒、被壓下去(down),另一種是被排除在外、出局(out)。

down-and-out 這個說法在 19 世紀末已見於英文記載,可能是從拳擊用語發展而來(被擊倒後處於「down」的狀態),再結合「out」更廣泛的含義(例如倒楣、失業,或被排擠在外)。

如今,down-and-out 用來形容某人極度貧困、缺乏資源,往往也沒有住處或工作;更廣義地說,也可指處境絕望、幾乎看不到希望的人。它通常作形容詞使用。


應用

• 使用頻率:6/10

• 適用場合:Casual

例句

• Ever since his startup failed, he’s been completely down-and-out, couch-surfing and taking odd jobs just to get by.
(創業失敗之後他整個人都很落魄,只能到處借住、打零工勉強過日子。)

• After he lost his job and his apartment, he was really down-and-out for a while.
(他失業又沒了房子之後,有段時間真的過得很慘。)

• He used to be a successful businessman, but after a series of bad investments, he ended up completely down-and-out, sleeping on park benches.
(他以前是個成功的商人,但經歷了幾次失敗的投資後,整個人落魄到只能睡公園長椅。)